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SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
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Wprowadzenie i cel:
Dysfunkcja bariery jelitowej sprzyja wzmożonej migracji antygenów, bakterii oraz toksyn ze światła jelita do krążenia ogólnego. Stan ten obserwuje się w przebiegu różnych chorób, zarówno o charakterze ostrym, jak i przewlekłym. Modyfikacja funkcji bariery jelitowej może potencjalnie wpływać na przebieg tych chorób i rokowanie pacjentów. Celem niniejszej pracy była ocena wpływu wybranych składników pokarmowych oraz elementów związanych ze stylem życia na funkcję bariery jelitowej człowieka.

Metody przeglądu:
Przeglądu piśmiennictwa dokonano, wykorzystując informacje z baz danych PubMed/MEDLINE oraz ScienceDirect, które ukazały się przed styczniem 2021 roku.

Opis stanu wiedzy:
Dieta i styl życia są podstawowymi czynnikami środowiskowymi wpływającymi na funkcję bariery jelitowej. Odpowiednie spożycie błonnika pokarmowego oraz cynku jest niezbędne do zachowania prawidłowych funkcji barierowych. Glutamina jest szczególnie istotnym amino-kwasem w utrzymywaniu bariery nabłonkowej przewodu pokarmowego, a zapotrzebowanie na nią znacząco zwiększa się w przebiegu różnych stanów chorobowych. Dieta wyso-kotłuszczowa oraz alkohol mogą zaburzać strukturę bariery jelitowej, co może nieść negatywne skutki zdrowotne. Gluten wykazuje specyficzny wpływ na przepuszczalność bariery jelitowej poprzez zdolność do uwalniania zonuliny, jednak w warunkach fizjologicznych proces ten jest ściśle kontrolo-wany i prawdopodobnie nie ma istotnego klinicznie znaczenia w przypadku osób zdrowych. Czynniki związane ze stylem życia, tj. stres psychiczny oraz intensywny wysiłek fizyczny, mogą zaburzać funkcję bariery jelitowej, przyczyniając się do zwiększenia przepuszczalności jelitowej.

Podsumowanie:
Dostępne piśmiennictwo sugeruje niewątpliwie istotny wpływ wielu składników pokarmowych oraz stylu życia na funkcję bariery jelitowej.


Introduction and objective:
Intestinal barrier dysfunction may promote increased migration of antigens, bacteria and toxins from the intestinal lumen into the bloodstream. This condition is observed in the course of various diseases, both acute and chronic. Modifying the intestinal barrier function could potentially affect the course of these diseases and patient prognosis. The aim of this article was to assess the role of selected nutritional components and lifestyle on human intestinal barrier function.

Review methods:
A literature review was conducted using information from the PubMed/MEDLINE and ScienceDirect databases published before January 2021.

Brief description of the state of knowledge:
Diet and lifestyle are basic environmental factors that affect the intestinal barrier function. Adequate intake of dietary fibre and zinc is necessary to maintain proper barrier function. Glutamine is a particularly important amino acid in the maintenance of the epithelial barrier of the gastrointestinal tract, and the demand for it significantly increases in the course of various clinical conditions. A high-fat diet and alcohol can disrupt the structure of the intestinal barrier, which can have negative health effects. Gluten has a specific effect on the intestinal barrier permeability through the ability to release zonulin; however, under physiological conditions this process is strictly controlled and probably not clinically significant in healthy people. Lifestyle factors, such as mental stress and intense exercise, may disrupt the intestinal barrier function, contributing to an increase in intestinal permeability.

Summary:
The available literature undoubtedly suggests a significant influence of many nutrients and lifestyle on the intestinal barrier function.

Andrulewicz M. Wpływ wybranych składników pokarmowych oraz stylu życia na funkcję bariery jelitowej człowieka. Med Og Nauk Zdr. Doi: 10.26444/monz/139615
 
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