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PRACA ORYGINALNA
Postawy i wiedza pracowników ochrony zdrowia powiatu cieszyńskiego na temat sezonowych szczepień przeciwko grypie – doniesienie wstępne
 
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Poland
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Anna Michalik   

Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Bielsko-Biala, Poland
 
 
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2020;26(1):35-41
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Cel pracy:
Grypa jest jedną z najczęściej występujących wirusowych chorób zakaźnych, stanowiących istotny problem kliniczny, epidemiologiczny i ekonomiczny. Według raportów Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO) każdego roku choruje na nią ok. 5–10% dorosłych i 20–30% dzieci na całym świecie. W ciągu roku rejestruje się 3–5 mln ostrych przypadków, a ok. 250 –650 tys. osób umiera. Coroczne szczepienie przeciw grypie jest najlepszą metodą zapobiegania tej chorobie. Pracownicy ochrony zdrowia stanowią grupę ryzyka zachorowania na grypę. Celem pracy była ocena wiedzy i postaw wobec szczepień wśród pracowników służby zdrowia (HCW).

Materiał i metody:
Badania zostały przeprowadzone w grupie 330 losowo wybranych pracowników placówek medycznych na terenie powiatu cieszyńskiego województwa śląskiego. Narzędzie badawcze stanowił kwestionariusz ankiety własnego autorstwa oraz test wiedzy. Aby ocenić statystyczną istotność różnic danych jakościowych pomiędzy grupami, zastosowano test niezależności chi².

Wyniki:
47,6% respondentów posiadało wiedzę na temat szczepień przeciwko grypie na poziomie niskim, 41,8% na poziomie średnim, a tylko 10,6% na poziomie wysokim. Średnia liczba punktów w teście wiedzy wyniosła 4,44 (SD = 2,33) na 12 pkt możliwych. Tylko co trzeci respondent był zwolennikiem szczepienia. Niewiele ponad 15% badanych (17,60%) zaszczepiło się przeciw grypie w sezonie 2018/2019

Wnioski:
Wiedza na temat szczepienia przeciwko grypie jest niepełna. Niewielki odsetek pracowników ochrony zdrowia jest zwolennikiem szczepienia przeciwko grypie. Istnieje konieczność zwiększenia działań promujących coroczne szczepienie przeciwko grypie wśród pracowników ochrony zdrowia.


Objectives:
Influenza is one of the more common viral infectious diseases, the occurrence of which is a significant clinical, epidemiological and economic problem. According to reports from the World Health Organization (WHO), around 5% -10% of adults and 20%-30% of children fall ill worldwide every year. During the year, 3–5 million acute cases are registered, and around 250,000–650,000 people die. The annual influenza vaccine is the best method of preventing the disease. Health care workers are a risk group for influenza.

Objective:
The aim of the survey was to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards vaccination among health care workers (HCWs)

Material and methods:
The study was conducted among a group of 330 randomly selected employees of medical facilities in the Cieszyn County of the Silesian Province in southern Poland. The research tools were a self-made questionnaire and a knowledge test. To assess the statistical significance of differences in qualitative data between the groups, the chi independence test was applied.

Results:
47.6% of the respondents had a low-level of knowledge about flu vaccination, in 41.8% it was at the medium level, and in only 10.6% the knowledge level was high. The average number of points scored in the knowledge test was 4.44 (SD =2.33) out of 12 points possible. Only every third respondent was in favour of the vaccination. Slightly over 15% of the respondents (17.60%) were vaccinated against influenza in the current 2018–2019 season.

Conclusions:
Knowledge about vaccination against influenza is incomplete. A small percentage of health care professionals are in favour of influenza vaccination. There is a need to increase efforts to promote annual influenza vaccination among health care professionals.

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ISSN:2083-4543
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