PL EN
PRACA ORYGINALNA
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Wprowadzenie i cel pracy:
Pierwotniaki z rodzaju Babesia, w tym Babesia microti, stanowią czynnik etiologiczny ludzkiej babeszjozy. W Polsce głównym wektorem pierwotniaków Babesia spp. są kleszcze z gatunku Ixodes ricinus. Celem badań było wykrycie specyficznych przeciwciał, będących odpowiedzią na zakażenie ludzką babeszjozą, u osób szczególnie narażonych na pokłucie przez kleszcze z uwagi na wykonywany zawód.

Materiał i metody:
Badaniami objęto grupę 413 osób biorących udział w projekcie w ramach Narodowego Programu Zdrowia. Uczestnicy byli badani w ciągu 2 lat, przy czym w 2019 roku zbadano 203 osoby oraz w 2020 roku – 210 osób. W surowicy krwi pobranej od uczestników badania oznaczono poziom specyficznych przeciwciał w klasie IgG skierowanych przeciw pierwotniakom Babesia za pomocą testu z zakresu immunofluorescencji pośredniej (IFA) z wykorzystaniem komercyjnych zestawów diagnostycznych.

Wyniki:
W grupie 413 uczestników w przeciągu 2 lat odnotowano 3 osoby (0,73% badanych), u których wykryto obecność przeciwciał przeciwko pierwotniakom z rodzaju Babesia na poziomie najniższego miana przeciwciał w klasie IgG, wynoszącego 64. W roku 2019 wykryto 2 przypadki, stanowiące 0,99% badanych, oraz w 2020 roku – jeden przypadek, stanowiący 0,48% badanych.

Wnioski:
W Polsce wyniki badań grup zawodowych szczególnie narażonych na pokłucie przez kleszcze wskazują, że ludzka babeszjoza nie stanowi znaczącego problemu w grupie chorób odkleszczowych. Świadczą o tym wyniki badań serologicznych, gdzie stwierdzono obecność przeciwciał przeciwko pierwotniakom z rodzaju Babesia (wartość miana wynosiła 64) na poziomie 0,73% łącznie w okresie 2 lat. Wskazuje to również na możliwość zarażenia się pierwotniakami z rodzaju Babesia i zachorowania na babeszjozę, co pokazują wyniki innych badań prowadzonych na terenie Polski, gdzie uzyskano znacznie wyższe wyniki prewalencji


Introduction and objective:
Protozoan parasites of the genus Babesia, mainly Babesia microti, are the etiologic factor of human babesiosis, which is one of the emerging diseases. In Poland, the main vector of Babesia spp. are ticks of the species Ixodes ricinus.The aim of the study was to detect specific antibodies to human babesiosis in people who are particularly exposed to tick bites due to their profession.

Material and methods:
The material for the study was a group of 413 participants of the public health project under the National Health Programme. Participants were tested over 2 years – 203 in 2019, and 210 in 2020. The level of specific IgG antibodies against human babesiosis in blood serum of participants was determined by means of an indirect immunofluorescence test (IFA) using commercial diagnostic kits.

Results:
In the group of 413 study participants, 3 cases were found over 2 years (0.73%), in whom the presence of antibodies against babesiosis was detected at the level of the lowest titre of IgG antibodies of 64. In 2019, 2 cases were detected, representing 0.99% of those surveyed, and in 2020, 1 case representing 0.48%.

Conclusions:
In Poland, the results of studies of occupational groups especially exposed to tick bites indicate that babesiosis is not a significant problem in the group of tick-borne diseases. This is evidenced by the results of serological tests, where the presence of antibodies against babesiosis was found at the lowest titre of 64, at a total level of 0.73% over 2 years. This also indicates the potential for infection with protozoa of the genus Babesia and contracting babesiosis, as shown by the results of other studies conducted in Poland, where significantly higher prevalence rates were obtained.

Kloc A, Galinska EM. Wstępna ocena częstości występowania przeciwciał anty-Babesia spp. w grupie osób zawodowo narażonych na pokłucie przez kleszcze w Polsce. Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2023; 29(1): 46–56. doi: 10.26444/monz/158846
 
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ISSN:2083-4543
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