PL EN
PRACA ORYGINALNA
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Wprowadzenie i cel pracy:
Poznanie nawyków żywieniowych konkretnej grupy dzieci i młodzieży jest ważne z punktu widzenia zdrowia publicznego, ze względu na możliwość zmodyfikowania występujących nieprawidłowości. Celem badań była ocena spożycia wybranych witamin w codziennej diecie dzieci i młodzieży zamieszkujących tereny wiejskie.

Materiał i metody:
Badania przeprowadzono przy użyciu kwestionariusza ankiety. Ankieta zawierała pytania dotyczące produktów spożywczych spożywanych każdego dnia, z uwzględnieniem: słodzonych napoi, przekąsek, słodyczy, produktów typu fast food. U każdego z uczniów wykonywano pomiary masy i wysokości ciała, a następnie obliczano wartość BMI. Analizą objęto 332 uczniów w wieku 7–9 lat, 376 uczniów w wieku 10–12 lat, 333 uczniów w wieku 13–15 lat oraz 139 uczniów w wieku 16–18 lat.

Wyniki:
W analizowanej grupie uczniów u 4,5% odnotowano niedobór masy ciała, u 11% nadwagę, a u 10% otyłość. We wszystkich grupach, bez względu na wiek, średniodobowe spożycie witamin rozpuszczalnych w wodzie (z wyjątkiem kwasu foliowego) pokrywało zalecane dzienne spożycie (RDA). Średniodobowe spożycie witaminy A u wszystkich uczniów przekroczyło zalecane dzienne spożycie (RDA). Nawet maksymalne dobowe spożycie witaminy D we wszystkich grupach wiekowych nie pokrywało wystarczającego spożycia.

Wnioski:
Niezgodna z wytycznymi racjonalnego odżywiania zawartość witamin w diecie nakazuje wdrożenie działań edukacyjnych dotyczących właściwego komponowania diety, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem jej różnorodności. Dzienna podaż witaminy D jest niewystarczająca, należy ją więc suplementować, w szczególności w okresie jesienno-zimowym.


Introduction and objective:
Research into the dietary habits of specific groups of children and adolescents is important from the public health perspective due to the possibilities for modifying any existing irregularities. The aim of the study was to assess the intake levels of vitamins in the daily diets of children and adolescents living in rural areas.

Material and methods:
The research used a study questionnaire containing questions on food products consumed every day from all 12 food groups, including: sweetened drinks, snacks, ready meals, sweets and fast food, as well as purchases made in the school shop, vitamin supplements and minerals consumption and dietary habits. Weight and height of each student were measured, BMI value calculated. The study participants comprised 332 pupils aged 7–9 years, 376 aged 10–12, 333 aged 13–15, and 139 aged 16–18.

Results:
In the study group, insufficient body weight was noted in 4.5% of pupils, excessive weight in 11%, and obesity in 10%. In all the groups of pupils, irrespective of age, the average daily intake of water soluble vitamins (with the exception of folic acid) met the Recommended Dietary Allowance. The average daily intake of vitamin A for all pupils exceeded the RDA. In vitamin D, even the maximum daily intake across all age groups did not meet the AI.

Conclusions:
The amount of vitamins in the diet was not in line with recommendations on correct dietary habits and, as such, requires the implementation of educational activities on the correct composition of the diet, in particular the variety of foodstuffs consumed. The daily supply of vitamin D was insufficient, and therefore must be supplemented, in particular during the autumn and winter seasons.

Waksmańska W, Bobiński R, Ilczak T. Analysis of vitamin intake among pupils aged 7–18 living in rural areas of the Podbeskidzie region. Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2023; 29(3): 205–213. doi: 10.26444/monz/168577
 
REFERENCJE (39)
1.
Duma-Kocan P, Barud B, Głodek E, et al. Assessment of nutritional habits and preferences among secondary school students. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2017;68(1):91–97. PMID: 28303707.
 
2.
Almoudi MM, Hussein AS, Abu Hassan MI, et al. Dental caries and vitamin D status in children in Asia. Pediatr Int. 2019;61(4):327–338. doi:10.1111/ped.13801.
 
3.
Angeles-Agdeppa I, Denney L, Toledo MB, et al. Inadequate nutrient intakes in filipino schoolchildren and adolescents are common among those from rural areas and poor families. Food Nutri Res. 2019;63. doi:10.29219/fnr.v63.3435.
 
4.
World Health Organization. Early Child Development—Nutrition and the Early Years. Available online: https://www.who.int/topics/ear... (03.12. 2022).
 
5.
Moyersoen I, Devleesschauwer B, Dekkers A, et al. Intake of Fat-Soluble Vitamins in the Belgian Population: Adequacy and Contribution of Foods, Fortified Foods and Supplements. Nutrients. 2017;11,9(8):8. doi:10.3390/nu9080860.
 
6.
Wendołowicz A, Stefańska E, Ostrowska L. Influence of selected dietary components on the functioning of the human nervous system. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2018;69(1):15–21. PMID:29517182.
 
7.
Pepper MR, Black MM. B12 in fetal development. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2011;22(6):619–623. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.05.005.
 
8.
Kulik-Kupka K, Nowak J, Koszowska A, et al. Vitamins in fight with neoplastic diseases. Med Rodz. 2016;1(19):26–31.
 
9.
Tardy AL, Pouteau E, Marquez D, et al. Vitamins and Minerals for Energy, Fatigue and Cognition: A Narrative Review of the Biochemical and Clinical Evidence. Nutrients. 2020;16,12(1):228. doi:10.3390/ nu12010228.
 
10.
Mazur A, Zachurzok A, Baran J, Dereń K, Łuszczki E, Weres A, Wyszyńska J, Dylczyk J, Szczudlik E, Drożdż D, Metelska P, Brzeziński. M, Kozioł-Kozakowska A, Matusik P, Socha P, Olszanecka-Gilianowicz M, Jackowska T, Walczak M, Peregud-Pogorzelski J, Tomiak E, Wójcik M. Childhood Obesity: Position Statement of Polish Society Society of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, the College of Family Physicians in Poland and Polish Association for Study on Obesity. Nutrients. 2022;14(18):3806. doi:10.3390/nu14183806.
 
11.
Pollok-Waksmańska W. Eating habits and the way of life elements influent on the nutritional status of children and youth living in the rural areas. Scientific Publisher University of Bielsko-Biala; 2020.
 
12.
Szponar L, Wolnicka K, Rychlik E. Album of photographs of food products and dishes. Warsaw: IŻiŻ, Poland; 2000.
 
13.
Malczyk E. The review of research methods used to assess nutritional status of children and youth in Poland in period 2005–2015. Ann Acad Med Siles. 2016;70:80–83. doi:10.18794/aams/58972.
 
14.
World Health Statistics 2009, WHO. https://www.who.int/whosis/who... 20.11.2022).
 
15.
Weker H, Barańska M, Więch M, et al. Otyłość u dzieci i młodzieży – aktualne spojrzenie. Pediatr Dypl. 2017;2:5–14.
 
16.
Jarosz M. The standard of nutrition for the Polish population – amendment. Warsaw: National Food and Nutrition Institute. Poland; 2020.
 
17.
Płudowski P, Kos-Kudła B, Walczak M, Fal A, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz D, Sieroszewski P, Peregud-Pogorzelski J, Lauterbach R, Targowski T, Lewiński A, et al. Guidelines for Preventing and Treating Vitamin D Deficiency: A 2023 Update in Poland. Nutrients. 2023;15:695–717. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu1503....
 
18.
Spieszny M, Görner K, Jurczak A. Assessment of somatic and motor development level of 10–12 year old children. J Educ Health Sport. 2017;7(6):345–361. doi:10.5281/zenodo.815760.
 
19.
Gutierrez-Gossweiler A, Martinez-Mier EA. Chapter 6: Vitamins and Oral Health. Monogr Oral Sci. 2020;28:59–67. doi:10.1159/000455372.
 
20.
Mak TN, Angeles-Agdeppa I, Lenighan YM, et al. Diet Diversity and Micronutrient Adequacy among Filipino School-Age Children. Nutrients. 2019;12,11(9):2197. doi:10.3390/nu11092197.
 
21.
Quesada-Gomez JM, Entrenas-Castillo M, Bouillon R. Vitamin D receptor stimulation to reduce acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in patients with coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 infections. Revised Ms SBMB 2020_166. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2020;202:105719. doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105719.
 
22.
Manickavasagar B, McArdle AJ, Yadav P, et al. Hypervitaminosis A is prevalent in children with CKD and contributes to hypercalcemia. Pediatr Nephrol. 2015;30(2):317–325. doi:10.1007/s00467-014-2916-2.
 
23.
Duda M. Chronic Fatigue as a Modern Civilization Threat. Edukacja-Technika–Informatyka 2017;1,19: 152–156. doi:10.15584/eti.2017.1.21.
 
24.
Laaksi IT, Ruohola JP, Ylikomi TJ, et al. Vitamin D fortification as public health policy: Significant improvement in vitamin D status in young Finnish men. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60(8):1035–1038. doi:10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602414.
 
25.
Hennessy A, Walton J, Flynn A. The impact of voluntary food fortification on micronutrient intakes and status in European countries: A review. Proc Nutr Soc. 2013;72(4):433–440. doi:10.1017/S002966511300339X.
 
26.
Berner LA, Keast DR, Bailey RL, et al. Fortified foods are major contributors to nutrient intakes in diets of US children and adolescents. J Acad Nutr Diet. 2014;114(7):1009–1022. doi:10.1016/j.jand.2013.10.012.
 
27.
Elliott C. Assessing Vitamins, Minerals and Supplements Marketed to Children in Canada. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(22): 4326. doi:10.3390/ijerph16224326.
 
28.
Golriz F, Donnelly LF, Devaraj S, et al. Modern American scurvy – experience with vitamin C deficiency at a large children›s hospital. Pediatr Radiol. 2017;47:214–220.
 
29.
Gille D, Schmid A. Vitamin B12 in meat and dairy products. Nutr Rev. 2015;73(2):106–115.
 
30.
Ued FV, Mathias MG, Toffano RBD, et al. Vitamin B2 and Folate Concentrations are Associated with ARA, EPA and DHA Fatty Acids in Red Blood Cells of Brazilian Children and Adolescents. Nutrients. 2019;2,11:12.
 
31.
Romain M, Sviri S, Linton DM, et al. The role of Vitamin B12 in the critically ill-a review. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2016;44:447–452.
 
32.
Shrimpton R. Global policy and programme guidance on maternal nutrition: What exists, the mechanisms for providing it, and how to improve them? Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2012;26:315S–325S.
 
33.
Ahmed F, Khan MR, Akhtaruzzaman M, et al. Effect of long-term intermittent supplementation with multiple micronutrients compared with iron-and-folic acid supplementation on Hb and micronutrient status of non-anaemic adolescent schoolgirls in rural Bangladesh. Br J Nutr. 2012;108:1484–1493.
 
34.
Thurnham DI. Nutrition of adolescent girls in low- and middle-income countries. Sight Life. 2013;27:26–37.
 
35.
Blaga AC, Dragoi EN, Tucaliuc A, Kloetzer L, Cascaval D. Folic Acid Ionic-Liquids-Based Separation: Extraction and Modelling. Molecules. 2023;28,8:3339. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecu....
 
36.
Food Fortification Initiative. Why fortify? Improved health. Available online: http://www.ffinetwork.org/why_... (accessed on 05.11.2022).
 
37.
Darnton-Hill I, Mkparu UC. Micronutrients in Pregnancy in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Nutrients 2015;10,7(3):1744–1768. doi: 10.3390/nu7031744.
 
38.
Rynkiewicz A, Dembiński Ł, Koletzko B, Michaud PA, Hadjipanayis A, Grossman Z, Korslund K, King BH, Treasure J, Peregud-Pogorzelski J, del Torso S, Valiulis A, Mazur A. Adolescents With Eating Disorders in Pediatric Practice – The European Academy of Paediatrics Recommendations. Front Pediatr 2022,10:806399. doi:10.3389/fped.2022.806399.
 
39.
Hejda G, Mazur A, Dembiński Ł, Peregud-Pogorzelski J, Jackowska T, Walczak M, Szczepański T. Healthcare for children and adolescents in Poland. Turk Pediatri Ars. 2020; 1, 55(1):63–68. doi:10.14744/TurkPediatriArs.2020.90692.
 
eISSN:2084-4905
ISSN:2083-4543
Journals System - logo
Scroll to top