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PRACA PRZEGLĄDOWA
Wpływ oksydantów i antyoksydantów na zdrowie jamy ustnej
 
Więcej
Ukryj
1
Doctoral studies at the Faculty of Medicine of the Medical University of Bialystok, Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases UMwB, Białystok, Poland
 
2
NZOZ Dental Katarzyna Bijowska, Białystok, Poland
 
3
Independent Laboratory of Gerostomatology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
 
4
Department of Periodontal Diseases and Oral Mucosa, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland
 
 
Autor do korespondencji
Zofia Natalia Dąbrowska   

Doctoral Studies Medical Faculty of the Medical University of Bialystok, Department of Periodontal and Oral Mucosa Diseases UMwB, Białystok, Poland, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Białystok, Poland
 
 
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2020;26(2):87-93
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Wstęp:
Procesy oksydacyjno-redukcyjne są elementem większości procesów biologicznych. Nadmiar wolnych rodników (WR), w tym aktywnych form tlenu (RFT), prowadzących do powstania stresu oksydacyjnego jest przyczyną powstania wielu chorób o zasięgu ogólnym lub miejscowym, takich jak: cukrzyca, reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów, miażdżyca, chorobym przyzębia i innych elementów narządu żucia. Źródła wolnychmrodników, na które narażona jest jama ustna, to powietrze,mwoda, pokarmy, używki, leki i inne ksenobiotyki. Ciągłe narażenie na WR doprowadziło do wykształcenia się w jamie ustnejmantyoksydacyjnych mechanizmów obronnych. Jednocześniemdostarczenie do środowiska jamy ustnej antyoksydantów, takich jak: witaminy C, E, karotenoidy, flawonoidy, polifenole, zmniejsza stres oksydacyjny w środowisku jamy ustnej.

Cel pracy:
Celem niniejszej pracy jest przedstawienie aktualnego stanu wiedzy dotyczącego wpływu oksydantów i antyoksydantów na środowisko jamy ustnej.

Materiał i metody:
Na podstawie literatury naukowej ostatnich lat dokonano analizy wyników badań na temat procesów oksydacyjno-redukcyjnych w środowisku jamy ustnej. Omówiono czynniki endogenne i egzogenne zarówno oksydacji, jak i antyoksydacji. Wskazano na czynniki etiologiczne procesów chorobowych w przebiegu stresu oksydacyjnego oraz możliwości jego obniżenia dzięki antyoksydantom.

Podsumowanie:
Stres oksydacyjny jako czynnik etiologiczny procesów chorobowych w jamie ustnej może być zrównoważony lub osłabiony w wyniku działania mechanizmów antyoksydacyjnych pochodzenia endogennego (elementy obronne śliny) i egzogennych zawartych w pokarmach i produktach medycznych. Stwarza to możliwości ułożenia programów profilaktycznych chorób jamy ustnej.


Introduction:
Oxidation-reduction processes are an element of the majority of biological processes. An excess of free radicals (FR) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to the development of oxidative stress are the cause of many general and local diseases, such as: diabetes, rheumatiod arthritis, atherosclerosis, periodontal diseases and diseases of other elements of the masticatory organ. The sources of free radical to which the oral cavity is exposed are the air, water, food, stimulants, drugs, and other xenobiotics. Constant exposure to FR has led to the development in the oral cavity of antioxidative defence mechanisms. Simultaneously, the provision to the oral cavity environment of anti-oxidants, such as: vitamins C and E, carotenoids, flavonoids, reduces oxidative stress in the oral cavity environment.

Objective:
The aim of the study is presentation of the current state of knowledge concerning the effect of oxidants and anti-oxidants on the oral cavity environment.

Material and Methods:
Based on scientific literature in the past few years, the results of studies concerning oxidationreduction processes in the oral cavity environment were analyzed, and endogenous and exogenous factors for oxidation, as well as anti-oxidation discussed. Etiologic factors of the pathogenic processes were indicated in the course of oxidative stress, and the possibilities of its reduction due to antioxidants.

Conclusions:
Oxidative stress as an etiologic factor of pathological processes in the oral cavity may be balanced or weakened as a result of the action of antioxidation mechanisms of endogenous origin (salivary protective components), and exogenous contained in food and medicinal products. This creates the possibility for development of prophylactic programmes in oral diseases.

 
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