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Wprowadzenie i cel:
Otyłość dotyka milionów ludzi na świecie i jest podłożem wielu poważnych schorzeń, takich jak cukrzyca typu 2 czy choroby układu krążenia. Niniejszy artykuł miał na celu analizę badań serii SURPASS i SURMOUNT dotyczących skuteczności i bezpieczeństwa tirzepatydu jako innowacyjnego leku stosowanego w terapii cukrzycy oraz otyłości.

Metody przeglądu:
Przeglądu literatury dokonano przy użyciu baz danych PubMed i Google Scholar. Przeanalizowano publikacje z lat 2021–2025, a jako kryteria wyszukiwania zastosowano następujące słowa kluczowe: „tirzepatyd”, „otyłość”, „cukrzyca”, „inkretyny”.

Opis stanu wiedzy:
Hormony inkretynowe, takie jak GLP-1 i GIP, odgrywają kluczową rolę w regulacji poziomu cukru we krwi, apetytu i masy ciała. Tirzepatyd, nowatorski lek, łączy działanie obu inkretyn i wykazuje wysoką skuteczność w leczeniu cukrzycy typu 2 oraz otyłości. Badania kliniczne serii SURPASS i SURMOUNT potwierdziły, że tirzepatyd redukuje masę ciała i poprawia kontrolę glikemii w porównaniu z placebo, insuliną oraz innymi agonistami GLP-1. Lek ten jest dobrze tolerowany, a jego dodatkowe korzyści obejmują poprawę ciśnienia krwi oraz funkcji nerek i zmniejszenie otłuszczenia wątroby.

Podsumowanie:
Otyłość i cukrzyca typu 2 to globalne wyzwania zdrowotne, wymagające skutecznych terapii. Tirzepatyd wykazał w badaniach klinicznych wyższą efektywność niż metody wpisujące się w dotychczasowe standardy leczenia. Lek ten jest bezpieczny (charakteryzuje się korzystnym profilem bezpieczeństwa) i zapewnia poprawę parametrów metabolicznych. Konieczne są jednak dalsze badania na większych populacjach, by zwiększyć wiarygodność uzyskanych wyników. Odkrycie to może zrewolucjonizować w przyszłości leczenie chorób metabolicznych.

Introduction and objective:
Obesity affects millions of people worldwide and underlies many serious conditions, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. This article aims to analyze SURPASS and SURMOUNT series of studies on the efficacy and safety of tirzepatide as an innovative drug used in the treatment of diabetes and obesity.

Review methods:
A literature review was conducted using the PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Publications from 2021–2025 were analyzed, using the following keywords as search criteria: ‘tirzepatide’, ‘obesity’, ‘diabetes’, and ‘incretins’.

Abbreviated description of the state of knowledge:
Brief description of the state of knowledge. Incretin hormones, such as GLP-1 and GIP, play a key role in regulating blood sugar levels, appetite, and body weight. Tirzepatide, an innovative drug, combines the action of both incretins and demonstrates high efficacy in treating type 2 diabetes and obesity. Clinical trials of the SURPASS and SURMOUNT series have confirmed that tirzepatide reduces body weight and improves glycaemic control compared to placebo, insulin, and other GLP-1 agonists. This drug is well-tolerated, with additional benefits including improved blood pressure, kidney function, and reduced liver fat.

Summary:
Obesity and type 2 diabetes are global health challenges requiring effective therapies. Tirzepatide has demonstrated greater efficacy in clinical trials than the existing treatment standards. The drug is characterized by a favourable safety profile and improvements in metabolic parameters. However; further research on larger populations is necessary to increase the reliability of results. This discovery could revolutionize the treatment of metabolic diseases in the future.
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ISSN:2083-4543
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