The World Health Organization (WHO) report, which has been recently issued, discusses the health effects of tobacco smoking, a package of anti-tobacco actions MPOWER, and the implementation of these actions in 179 countries, which ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control of May 2003. It is estimated that 5.4 million people worldwide die annually due to diseases caused by the effect of tobacco, while a half of contemporarily living smokers (approximately 500 million) will die due to these diseases. In order to inhibit this unfavourable epidemiological trend the WHO recommends the implementation of the MPOWER package, covering the following six paths of tobacco control: M = Monitor: The monitoring of the use of tobacco and preventive policies; P = Protect: Protection of non-smokers against tobacco smoke by the introduction of prohibition of tobacco smoking in public places and places of work; O = Offer: Offering assistance with giving up smoking; W = Warn: Warning against risks associated with tobacco smoking; E – Enforce: Implementation of the prohibition of promotion, advertising and sponsoring of tobacco products by companies producing them; R = Raise: Increasing tax on tobacco products. The Report also provides comprehensive data concerning the prevalence of the tobacco smoking habit and the effectiveness of the implementation of the MPOWER package in individual countries of the world. Based on these data, the situation in Poland and the Ukraine was analysed, compared to seven other big countries from five continents.