REVIEW PAPER
COGNITIVE FUNCTIONS DISORDERS IN DIABETES
1
Z Kliniki Endokrynologii UM w Lublinie
2
Z Katedry i Zakładu Medycyny Rodzinnej UM w Lublinie
3
Z Oddziału Nefrologii, Endokrynologii, Chorób Metabolicznych i Chorób Wewnętrznych ze stacją dializ SPSW im Papieża Jana Pawła II w Zamościu
Med Og. 2009;15(2):191-201
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
The precondition for an understanding of the treatment of diabetes, specification of personal health goals, as well as motivation and adequate attitude towards treatment are undoubtedly non-disrupted cognitive functions. The weakening of these functions is a factor which, to a considerable degree, hinders treatment and co-operation with a patient. It has been confirmed that in the course of diabetes there occurs impairment of the cognitive functions, and the process seems to be closely connected with the duration of the disease, degree of metabolic control and presence of chronic complications.
In diabetics, a decreased psychomotor pace is observed, a deteriorated concentration selectivity and capability for analysing complex information, as well as worsening of memory. Among the causes of the occurrence of cognitive functions disorders, diabetic encephalopathy is most frequently mentioned, caused by chronic hyperglycemia lasting for years, and transitory, repeated states of hypoglycemia – a direct effect of insulin, presence of chronic complications, and even more frequent occurrence of Alzheinmer’s disease among diabetic patients. Disorders of carbohydrates metabolism present in diabetes exert an important effect on neurotransmission in the CNS, which is not without influence on the patient’s cognitive functions. In order to increase the effectiveness of care of diabetic patients, the introduction of simple screening tests evaluating cognitive functions seems justifiable. The distinguishing of a group of people with cognitive functions disorders would enable covering them with proper care, and allow the adjustment of doctor’s recommendations to the cognitive capabilities of patients.
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