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Vaccination – the best method of combating serious infectious diseases
 
 
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Katedra i Zakład Farmakologii Doświadczalnej i Klinicznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie
 
 
Corresponding author
Halina Szymczyk   

Katedra i Zakład Farmakologii Doświadczalnej i Klinicznej Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Lublinie
 
 
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2016;22(4):245-252
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
]Introduction and aim of the paper:
The discovery in the eighteenth century of the first vaccine created an opportunity to fight dangerous diseases at the stage of prevention. However, recent statistics indicate an increase in the number of unvaccinated people. This may result from insufficiently widely promoted information in society. The aim of this study is to present current knowledge about vaccination and vaccines available.

]Brief description of the state of knowledge:
Vaccination involves the administration of a microorganism or fragment thereof in order to stimulate the immune system to an immune response. The B cells, after contact with foreign antigen, produce specific antibodies to eliminate the microorganism. At the same time, „immunological memory cells” are formed in the body which after re-contact with a given antigen cause the rapid production of highly specific antibodies to combat infections. Vaccines contain attenuated antigens (live, free of pathogenicity) or inactivated (detoxified) and auxiliary substances increasing their efficacy and safety (adjuvants, preservatives and stabilizers). Knowledge of these substances plays an important role in qualifying for vaccination, as in people with a predisposition some of them may cause hypersensitivity reactions. Proper qualification ensures the effectiveness and safety of vaccination.

Summary:
Thanks to vaccinations, we have practically avoided the outbreak of many diseases, carrying the risk of severe clinical course, serious complications and even death. Alarming statistics raise concern because the increasing percentage of unvaccinated persons greatly increases the risk of the return of a global epidemic.

 
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