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RESEARCH PAPER
Social inequalities in health among children in Poland and the European Union. Part II
 
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1
Zakład Zdrowia Publicznego, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku
 
2
Zakład Epidemiologii i Badań Populacyjnych, Collegium Medicum Uniwersytet Jagielloński
 
 
Corresponding author
Agnieszka Genowska   

Zakład Zdrowia Publicznego, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białymstoku, 15-295 Białystok, ul. Szpitalna 37
 
 
Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2017;23(1):25-33
 
KEYWORDS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Inequalities in health resulting from biological and socio-economic differences are an important direction of studies in the area of public health. Analyses of mortality, especially among the population of children, are important because they determine the scale of deaths which are possible to avoid.

Objective:
The objective of the study was the recognition and evaluation of mortality among newborns, infants and children, with consideration of socio-economic factors in Poland on the background of European Union countries.

Material and Methods:
Information concerning deaths at the age of 0–14 years, and the socio-economic situation in the EU countries were obtained from the main Statistical Office, WHO, and the Eurostat. The prevalence of deaths and trends in mortality were analyzed by means of Joinpoint Regression. The correlation between mortality and characteristics of the socio-economic situation were assessed using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient.

Results:
In 2013, mortality at the age 0–14 years in Poland was higher than in the 28 EU member states, especially EU-15. During the period 1990–2014 in Poland, a dynamic decrease was observed in mortality rates at the age 0 years (by 6.2%/annually), 1–4 years (4.8%/annually), and 5–14 years (by 3.3%/annually). In the years 1990–2014, the difference in mortality at the age 0 years between Poland and 28 EU member countries decreased, the level of mortality at the age 1–4 years levelled out, whereas among children aged 5–14years the differences increased. In the 28 EU member states, strong positive relationships were observed between mortality among children aged 0–14 years and poverty, and strong negative relationship between mortality and GDP per capita.

Conclusions:
Despite the fact that during the last 25 years in Poland mortality at the age under 15 significantly decreased, the existing disproportions in child mortality between Poland and the 15 EU member states requires the undertaking of actions biased towards the reduction of social health risk, especially poverty.

 
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