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PRACA ORYGINALNA
 
SŁOWA KLUCZOWE
DZIEDZINY
STRESZCZENIE
Wprowadzenie i cel:
Zapalenie płuc, definiowane jako ostra infekcja miąższu płuc o zróżnicowanej etiologii, pozostaje wiodącą przyczyną zachorowalności i śmiertelności wśród pacjentów pediatrycznych na całym świecie. Celem pracy jest przybliżenie najczęstszej etiologii zapaleń płuc wśród dzieci hospitalizowanych w Uniwersyteckim Szpitalu Dziecięcym w Lublinie w latach 2010–2020.

Materiał i metody:
Badaniem retrospektywnym objęto 2250 pacjentów w wieku od 2 do 227 miesięcy, hospitalizowanych z powodu zapaleń płuc w latach 2010–2020 w Klinice Chorób Płuc i Reumatologii Dziecięcej Uniwersyteckiego Szpitalu Dziecięcego w Lublinie. Elektroniczna dokumentacja medyczna stanowiła źródło wszystkich danych dotyczących pacjentów. Zgodnie z Międzynarodową Klasyfikacją Chorób ICD-10, ze względu na etiologię zapaleń płuc, pacjenci zostali podzieleni na 20 grup. Zebrane dane posłużyły następnie do obliczeń statystycznych.

Wyniki:
Zaobserwowano sezonowość zachorowalności na zapalenia płuc ze zwiększoną liczbą zakażeń w zimie. Bazując na Klasyfikacji Chorób ICD-10, stwierdzono, że najczęstszą etiologią zapaleń płuc była etiologia bakteryjna nieokreślona (rozpoznanie J15.9), leżąca u podstaw 30,2% wszystkich przypadków. Ponadto na podstawie diagnostyki serologicznej stwierdzono, że najczęściej wykrywanym patogenem związanym z rozwojem zapaleń płuc u dzieci była bakteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae (18,8% wszystkich przypadków). Średni czas hospitalizacji pacjentów wynosił 7,4 dnia, podczas gdy najczęściej stosowanym antybiotykiem była amoksycylina + kwas klawulanowy. Badania obrazowe klatki piersiowej wykonano u 88,8% pacjentów.


Introduction and objective:
Pneumonia is defined as an acute infection of the lung parenchyma caused by various pathogens. It remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the paediatric population globally. The aim of this study was to disclose most common aetiology of pneumonia among children hospitalized in the University Children’s Hospital in Lublin, Poland, from 2010–2020.

Material and methods:
This retrospective study included 2,250 patients in the age rage from 2–227 months, hospitalized in the Department of Paediatric Pulmonology and Rheumatology of University Children’s Hospital in Lublin from 2010–2020 due to pneumonia. All necessary information were obtained from electronic medical records. According to the International Classification of Diseases Version 10 (ICD-10), patients were divided into 20 groups in terms of aetiology of pneumonia. Subsequently collected data were submitted to statistical calculations.

Results:
A seasonality of pneumonia admissions was observed with predominance in the winter. Based on ICD-10 codes, the most common aetiology of pneumonia was unspecified bacterial pneumonia (J15.9) related with 30.2% of all cases. Moreover, based on IgM serology tests, Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the main identified pathogen (18.8% of all cases). Average duration of hospitalization oscillated around 7.4 days; the most common administered antibiotic was amoxicillin + clavulanic acid. Chest imaging was performed in 88.8% of patients.

Conclusions:
Pneumonia dominated in the bacterial aetiology of children. Younger groups of children were more prone to the development of pneumonia. In many casus, there were observed difficulties with the identification of an exact pathogen.

Wieteska M, Maj D, Wacławska M, Wawryk-Gawda E. Most common aetiology of pneumonia among children hospitalized in the University Children’ s Hospital in Lublin, Poland, 2010–2020. Med Og Nauk Zdr. 2022; 28(2): 157–164. doi: 10.26444/monz/150668
 
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ISSN:2083-4543
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